How to read cosmetic labels

Cosmetic and hygiene product labels constitute a very important part of any commodity, and paying attention to them during purchase is essential; they contain vital information regarding ingredients, product benefits, and important instructions for correct usage. Since our body's skin has the ability to absorb various substances, it is imperative for the consumer to be aware of the contents of these products. Neglecting these labels and the absorption of toxic chemical substances through the skin can be harmful and damaging over time. Therefore, understanding the information listed on the packaging is a key step toward maintaining health and preventing potential problems.

Cosmetic labels contain highly practical data that goes beyond the product name, providing the consumer with information such as a complete list of ingredients, expiration dates, and warnings about potential allergies. This data is vital for making smart and safe product choices. The primary reason we emphasize reading and attending to these labels is to allow the consumer to ensure the product’s safety and compatibility with their skin, and to prevent the entry of damaging and toxic compounds into the body. Attention to these key details guarantees that you benefit from the product's true advantages while staying away from any undesirable consequences resulting from misuse or sensitivity.

The Concept of INCI in Cosmetic Product Labels

INCI (International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient) is a global system used to unify and standardize the terminology used to identify ingredients in cosmetic products. The goal of creating this system is to precisely regulate the terminology used on the packaging of these products. Based on this standard, compound names may be listed on labels as scientific (Latin) names of the ingredients or their derivatives in English. Furthermore, the order of the ingredient details on the product must follow a specific sequence. Although laws and regulations regarding cosmetics can vary from one country to another, INCI serves as an international protocol, enabling consumers and professionals worldwide to understand the ingredients.

 

Regulations and Essential Content of Beauty Product Labeling

To master reading cosmetic labels, you must first know the legal requirements related to labeling so you know what information to look for. Cosmetic and hygiene products offered in a specific market (such as Iran)—whether domestically produced or imported—must follow the internal laws of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as well as the packaging and labeling regulations of relevant authorities (such as the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade). For example, the FDA in many countries has established regulations requiring that a product label clearly include the identity or nature of the commodity, the net quantity of contents (such as weight or volume), a complete list of ingredients, and any necessary warnings or precautions for safe use.

Compared to domestic standards, at an international level such as the European Union, the labeling of beauty products is under the stricter supervision of the EU Cosmetics Regulation. According to these regulations, information on the label must be more comprehensive and include the name and address of the manufacturer, the list of ingredients (arranged in descending order of weight), the nominal net content of the product, and necessary safety warnings for use. Additionally, it is mandatory to include one of these: the "date of minimum durability" (expiration date) or the "period after opening" (PAO), which indicates the permitted duration of storage or use. Beyond these items, stating the nature of the product (if it is not clear from its appearance), the batch or lot number for tracking, and the country of origin (for imported goods) is also mandatory.

 

Comprehensive Guide to Reading Cosmetic Product Labels

Cosmetic and hygiene product labels are the primary source of information ensuring consumer health and safety. A correct and complete understanding of the content of these labels is a powerful tool for informed choice and effective use of goods.

Product Name and Brand Manufacturer

To begin the label evaluation process, you must first carefully observe the full name of the product and its manufacturing company. This initial information plays a significant role in your judgment, as the brand name and the nature of the product can provide clues about its compatibility with your specific skin or hair type and the expectations you should have from it.

Checking the List of Ingredients

The second vital step is studying the list of ingredients, usually listed under the heading "Ingredients." These substances are arranged from the highest amount to the lowest amount based on the volume or weight they hold in the formulation. If you encounter unfamiliar or complex names, researching them is essential to determine if that substance is an active and beneficial element or a stimulating and potentially allergenic compound.

Expiration Date and Period-of-Use Symbols

Next, you should look for the product's specific expiration date, which is sometimes indicated by an hourglass symbol. Additionally, paying attention to the "Period After Opening (PAO)" symbol—shown as an open jar with a number like 6M or 12M is important; this number indicates how many months the product's quality and safety are maintained after opening.

Supplementary Symbols and Signs

You should look for other standard symbols that convey important supplementary information. For example, you might see an open book symbol referring to a more detailed product guide, or environmental signs and specific certifications like the ECO-label, which certify the product's compliance with specific quality or environmental standards.

Warnings and Safety Instructions

A careful study of the section related to warnings and safety precautions is essential. This section includes points that are necessary to be aware of to prevent any potential risks, sensitivities, or product misuse, helping the consumer use the product under safe conditions.

Storage Conditions and Methods

Study the instructions regarding product storage. These recommendations usually include determining the ideal temperature and environmental conditions (such as staying away from direct light or heat), which ensures that the quality and stability of the product's formulation are maintained until the end of its expiration period.

Production Specifications (Batch Number)

Finding the Lot Number or Batch Number on the label or packaging is important. This tracking code allows the manufacturer to precisely identify and follow up on the specific sample purchased by you in the event of any quality issues or a need for a product recall from the market.

Practical Recommendations and How to Use

Be sure to read the usage instructions provided by the company to become familiar with the correct and effective way to use the product. These guidelines include the amount to use, frequency of use, and the method of application, which are essential for achieving optimal results.

Certifications and Organizational Licenses

Finally, checking the health permit number and other official certifications from regulatory authorities and international organizations is also important. The presence of these indicators ensures that the product has been reviewed by competent bodies and has acquired the necessary standards for market supply, confirming its safety.

 

Final Word

Ultimately, correctly understanding the content of cosmetic and hygiene labels is not merely a recommendation but a necessity for maintaining health and getting the best results from products. Paying attention to the brand name, carefully reviewing the list of ingredients under the INCI protocol, adhering to the Period After Opening (PAO), and attending to storage warnings are all key steps in the process of an informed choice. By spending enough time reading this vital information, you can avoid consuming harmful substances and ensure that you choose a product that not only meets your expectations but is also fully verified in terms of safety and quality.